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详解DMA （Direct memory access ）原理， DMA， pooling, interrupt原理； xilinx axi-dma原理，axi4 interconnet bus, xilinx axi-dma原理 ; DMA实现fpga外设与ARM ddr3sdram 交互数据的原理流程、注意。 Cypress CX3 DMA原理，GPIF-II 转态机接口原理图。

ABSTRACT The dynamic range of a digital camera can be simplistically defined as the ratio of the maximum and minimum luminance that a camera can “capture” in a single exposure. But when we try to quantify this property, we find that the establishment of an explicit definition is much more ... ...

gcc-linaro-4.9.4-2017.01-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf 是由 Linaro 公司基于GCC推出的的ARM交叉编译工具。可用于交叉编译32-bit Armv7 Cortex-A, hard-float, little-endian目标中的裸机程序、u-boot、Linux kernel、filesystem和App应用程序。gcc-linaro-4.9.4-2017.01-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf交叉编译器必须安装在64为主机上，才能编译目标代码。

gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz是由 Linaro 公司基于GCC推出的的ARM交叉编译工具。可用于交叉编译32-bit Armv7 Cortex-A, hard-float, little-endian目标中的裸机程序、u-boot、Linux kernel、filesystem和App应用程序。gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz交叉编译器必须安装在64为主机上，才能编译目标代码。

arm-2014.05-29-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu 是由 CodeSourcery 公司基于GCC推出的的ARM交叉编译工具。可用于交叉编译ARM系统中所有环节的代码，包括裸机程序、u-boot、Linux kernel、filesystem和App应用程序。arm-2014.05-29-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2.7z交叉编译器必须安装在32为主机上，才能编译目标代码。

gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabi.tar.xz.7z是由 Linaro 公司基于GCC推出的的ARM交叉编译工具。可用于交叉编译32-bit Armv7 Cortex-A, soft-float, little-endian目标中的裸机程序、u-boot、Linux kernel、filesystem和App应用程序。gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabi.tar.xz.7z交叉编译器必须安装在64为主机上，才能编译目标代码。

gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu是由 Linaro 公司基于GCC推出的的ARM交叉编译工具。可用于交叉编译64-bit Armv8 Cortex-A, little-endian hard-float, little-endian目标中的裸机程序、u-boot、Linux kernel、filesystem和App应用程序。gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz交叉编译器必须安装在64为主机上，才能编译目标代码。

gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf是由 Linaro 公司基于GCC推出的的ARM交叉编译工具。可用于交叉编译32-bit Armv7 Cortex-A, hard-float, little-endian目标中的裸机程序、u-boot、Linux kernel、filesystem和App应用程序。gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz交叉编译器必须安装在64为主机上，才能编译目标代码。

Universal Serial Bus Type-C Cable and Connector Specification Release 1.3 July 14, 2017 CONTENTS Specification Work Group Chairs / Specification Editors ................................................... 11 Specification Work Group Contributors .................................................................................. 11 Pre-Release Draft Industry Reviewing Companies That Provided Feedback ................ 14 Revision History ............................................................................................................................. 14 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 15 1.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................................... 15 1.2 Scope ............................................................................................................................. 15 1.3 Related Documents .................................................................................................... 16 1.4 Conventions ................................................................................................................. 16 1.4.1 Precedence .................................................................................................... 16 1.4.2 Keywords ...................................................................................................... 16 1.4.3 Numbering .................................................................................................... 17 1.5 Terms and Abbreviations ......................................................................................... 17 2 Overview ................................................................................................................................. 21 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 21 2.2 USB Type-C Receptacles, Plugs and Cables ......................................................... 22 2.3 Configuration Process ............................................................................................... 23 2.3.1 Source-to-Sink Attach/Detach Detection .............................................. 24 2.3.2 Plug Orientation/Cable Twist Detection ............................................... 24 2.3.3 Initial Power (Source-to-Sink) Detection and Establishing the Data (Host-to-Device) Relationship ................................................................. 24 2.3.4 USB Type-C VBUS Current Detection and Usage .................................. 25 2.3.5 USB PD Communication ............................................................................. 25 2.3.6 Functional Extensions ................................................................................ 26 2.4 VBUS ............................................................................................................................... 26 2.5 VCONN ............................................................................................................................. 27 2.6 Hubs ............................................................................................................................... 27 3 Mechanical ............................................................................................................................... 28 3.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................... 28 3.1.1 Compliant Connectors................................................................................ 28 3.1.2 Compliant Cable Assemblies .................................................................... 28 3.1.3 Compliant USB Type-C to Legacy Cable Assemblies .......................... 28 3.1.4 Compliant USB Type-C to Legacy Adapter Assemblies ..................... 29 3.2 USB Type-C Connector Mating Interfaces ............................................................ 29 3.2.1 Interface Definition .................................................................................... 29 3.2.2 Reference Designs ....................................................................................... 52 3.2.3 Pin Assignments and Descriptions ......................................................... 59 3.3 Cable Construction and Wire Assignments ......................................................... 60 3.3.1 Cable Construction (Informative) ........................................................... 60 3.3.2 Wire Assignments ....................................................................................... 62 3.3.3 Wire Gauges and Cable Diameters (Informative) ............................... 63 3.4 Standard USB Type-C Cable Assemblies .............................................................. 65 3.4.1 USB Full-Featured Type-C Cable Assembly .......................................... 65 3.4.2 USB 2.0 Type-C Cable Assembly .............................................................. 66 3.4.3 USB Type-C Captive Cable Assemblies .................................................. 67 3.5 Legacy Cable Assemblies .......................................................................................... 67 3.5.1 USB Type-C to USB 3.1 Standard-A Cable Assembly .......................... 68 3.5.2 USB Type-C to USB 2.0 Standard-A Cable Assembly .......................... 69 3.5.3 USB Type-C to USB 3.1 Standard-B Cable Assembly .......................... 70 3.5.4 USB Type-C to USB 2.0 Standard-B Cable Assembly .......................... 71 3.5.5 USB Type-C to USB 2.0 Mini-B Cable Assembly ................................... 72 3.5.6 USB Type-C to USB 3.1 Micro-B Cable Assembly ................................. 73 3.5.7 USB Type-C to USB 2.0 Micro-B Cable Assembly ................................. 75 3.6 Legacy Adapter Assemblies ..................................................................................... 76 3.6.1 USB Type-C to USB 3.1 Standard-A Receptacle Adapter Assembly 76 3.6.2 USB Type-C to USB 2.0 Micro-B Receptacle Adapter Assembly ...... 78 3.7 Electrical Characteristics ......................................................................................... 79 3.7.1 Raw Cable (Informative) ........................................................................... 79 3.7.2 USB Type-C to Type-C Passive Cable Assemblies (Normative) ....... 80 3.7.3 Mated Connector (Informative) .............................................................. 93 3.7.4 USB Type-C to Legacy Cable Assemblies (Normative) ...................... 97 3.7.5 USB Type-C to USB Legacy Adapter Assemblies (Normative) ....... 101 3.7.6 Shielding Effectiveness Requirements (Normative) ........................ 103 3.7.7 DC Electrical Requirements (Normative) ........................................... 106 3.8 Mechanical and Environmental Requirements (Normative) ........................ 109 3.8.1 Mechanical Requirements ....................................................................... 109 3.8.2 Environmental Requirements ................................................................ 115 3.9 Docking Applications (Informative) ................................................................... 116 3.10 Implementation Notes and Design Guides ........................................................ 117 3.10.1 EMC Management (Informative) ........................................................... 117 3.10.2 Stacked and Side-by-Side Connector Physical Spacing (Informative) .............................................................................................. 120 3.10.3 Cable Mating Considerations (Informative) ...................................... 120 4 Functional .............................................................................................................................. 122 4.1 Signal Summary ........................................................................................................ 122 4.2 Signal Pin Descriptions ........................................................................................... 122 4.2.1 SuperSpeed USB Pins ............................................................................... 122 4.2.2 USB 2.0 Pins ................................................................................................ 123 4.2.3 Auxiliary Signal Pins ................................................................................ 123 4.2.4 Power and Ground Pins ........................................................................... 123 4.2.5 Configuration Pins .................................................................................... 123 4.3 Sideband Use (SBU) ................................................................................................. 123 4.4 Power and Ground ................................................................................................... 123 4.4.1 IR Drop ......................................................................................................... 123 4.4.2 VBUS ............................................................................................................... 124 ... ...

这篇文章主要介绍加速度计和陀螺仪的数学模型和基本算法，以及如何融合这 两者，侧重算法、思想的讨论。

MPU-9250 Accelerometer, Gyroscope and Compass Self-Test Implementation CONTENTS 1. PURPOSE .................................................................................................................................................. 3 2. SELF-TEST CONCEPT ............................................................................................................................. 3 3. GYROSCOPE/ACCELEROMETER SELF-TEST DETAILED PROCEDURE .......................................... 5 4. COMPASS DETAILED SELF-TEST PROCEDURE ................................................................................. 7 5. SELF-TEST REGISTER DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................... 8

Table of Contents 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 1.2 Comparison of SLVS and HiVCM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 1.3 Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.4 Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 1.4.1 HISPi TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 2 Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 2.1 SLVS Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 2.2 HiVCM Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 2.3 Transmitter Test Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.4 Electrical Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 2.5 Timing Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.6 Transmitter Eye Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 2.7 Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.7.1 Clock Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 2.8 Standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 3 Transmission Line Interconnect System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 4 DLL Timing Adjustment (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 4.1 DLL Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.2 Eye Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 5 HiSPi Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 5.1 SLVS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 5.1.1 Electrical Receiver Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 5.1.2 Receiver Eye Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5.2 HiVCM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 5.2.1 Electrical Receiver Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 5.2.2 Receiver Eye Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 5.2.3 HiVCM RX Eye Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 6 Test Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 6.1 Electrical Test Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 6.2 Digital Image Test Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 6.2.1 Flat field color pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 6.2.2 Solid Color Bar Test Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 6.2.3 Fade-to-Gray Test Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 6.2.4 Black-White Bar - Alternating Codes of 0 to Maximum Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 6.2.5 Horizontal Gradient from 0 to Maximum Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 6.2.6 PN9 PRBS2^9-1 Image. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 7 Amplitude and Timing Budget. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 7.1 Amplitude Budget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 7.2 Timing Budget. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Table of Contents 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1 Changes Relative to the Previous Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.2 Terminology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.3 HiSPi Physical Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.4 Basic Protocol Syntax. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.4.1 Packetized-SP Mode Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.4.2 Streaming Mode Syntax. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.4.3 ActiveStart-SP8 Mode Syntax. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2 Syntax Element Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.1 Protocol Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2 Sync Codes (SO*/EO*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2.1 SP Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ISO16750-3-2012 Road vehicles — Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment — Part 3: Mechanical loads Contents Page Foreword.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv 1 Scope..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 2 Normative references.......................................................................................................................................................................................1 3 Terms and definitions......................................................................................................................................................................................1 4 Tests and requirements.................................................................................................................................................................................1 4.1 Vibration........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 4.2 Mechanical shock................................................................................................................................................................................27 4.3 Free fall........................................................................................................................................................................................................29 4.4 Surface strength/scratch and abrasion resistance................................................................................................29 4.5 Gravel bombardment.......................................................................................................................................................................29 5 Code letters for mechanical loads....................................................................................................................................................29 6 Documentation.....................................................................................................................................................................................................30 Annex A (informative) Guideline for the development of test profiles for vibration tests........................32 Annex B (informative) Recommended mechanical requirements for equipment depending on the mounting location.............................................................................................................................................................................................44 Bibliography..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................46

Now in its Fifth Edition, USB Complete bridges the gap between the technical specifications and the real world of designing and programming devices that connect over the Universal Serial Bus (USB). Learn how to select a USB speed, device class, and hardware for a design; communicate with devices using Visual C#; use standard host drivers to access devices, including devices that perform vendor-defined tasks; save power with USB's built-in power-conserving protocols; and create robust designs using testing and debugging tools. This fully revised edition also covers SuperSpeed and SuperSpeedPlus (USB 3.1), wireless options, and USB OTG and embedded hosts.Table of ContentsIntroduction1. USB Basics2. Inside USB Transfers3. A Transfer Type for Every Purpose4. Enumeration: How the Host Learns about Devices5. Control Transfers: Structured Requests for Critical Data6. Chip Choices7. Device Classes8. How the Host Communicates9. Matching a Driver to a Device10. Detecting Devices11. Human Interface Devices: Capabilities12. Human Interface Devices: Reports13. Human Interface Devices: Host Application14. Using WinUSB for Vendor-Defined Functions15. Using WinUSB's System INF File16. Using Hubs to Extend and Expand the Bus17. Managing Power18. Testing and Debugging19. Packets on the Bus20. Electrical and Mechanical Interface21.

mipi alliance specification for M-PHY version2.0 1 Introduction 1 2 Terminology 3 3 References 7 4 Architecture and Operation 8 5 Electrical Characteristics 46 6 Electrical Interconnect (informative) 81 7 Optical Media Converter (OMC) 84 8 The Protocol Interface 100 A Signaling Interface Description (normative) 140 B Recommended Test Functionality (informative) 164 C SI Dithering (informative) 169 D Setting of Attributes Values (informative) 171 E Guidance for Protocols on Managing LANE-to-LANE Skew (informative) 174

详解DMA （Direct memory access ）原理， DMA， pooling, interrupt原理； xilinx axi-dma原理，axi4 interconnet bus, xilinx axi-dma原理 ; DMA实现fpga外设与ARM ddr3sdram 交互数据的原理流程、注意。

全书结构： 本书首先介绍Linux设备驱动的基础。第1章简要地介绍了设备驱动，并从无操作系统的设备驱动引出 了Linux操作系统下的设备驱动，介绍了本书所基于的开发环境。第2章系统地讲解了Linux驱动工程师应 该掌握的硬件知识，为工程师打下Linux驱动编程的硬件基础，详细介绍了各种类型的CPU、存储器和常 见的外设，并阐述了硬件时序分析方法和数据手册阅读方法。第3章将Linux设备驱动放在Linux 2.6内核背 景中进行讲解，说明Linux内核的编程方法。由于驱动编程也在内核编程的范畴，因此，这一章实质是为 编写Linux设备驱动打下软件基础。 其次，讲解Linux设备驱动编程的基础理论、字符设备驱动及设备驱动设计中涉及的并发控制、同步 等问题。第4、5章分别讲解Linux内核模块和Linux设备文件系统；第6~9章以虚拟设备globalmem和 globalfifo为主线，逐步给其添加高级控制功能；第10、11章分别阐述Linux驱动编程中所涉及的中断和定 时器、内核和I/O操作处理方法。 接着，剖析复杂设备驱动的体系结构以及块设备、网络设备驱动。该篇讲解了设备与驱动的分离、主 机控制器驱动与外设驱动的分离，并以大量实例（如input、tty、LCD、platform、I2C、SPI、USB等）来 佐证。其中第12章和第17章遥相呼应，力图全面地展示驱动的架构。Linux有100多个驱动子系统，逐个讲 解和学习都是不现实的，授人以鱼不如授人以渔，因此我们将更多的焦点放在了架构讲解方面，以便读者 可以举一反三。 本书最后4章分析了Linux的设备树、Linux移植到新的SoC上的具体工作以及Linux内核和驱动的一些 调试方法。这些内容，对于理解如何从头开始搭建一个Linux，以及整个Linux板级支持包上上下下的关系 尤为重要。

本文档描述 C++ 和 .NET （C# 和VB.NET）代码的编程风格指导规范,

从课本到奥数·二年级第一学期B版.docx

原创ringbuffer：具有高效率管理块传输，动态内存分配释放。自适应char8,int16, int32数据类型。

基于RS232串口的称重系统测试UI,下位机机用ARM CortexM3 + CS5532 研件平台