Forensic Radio Survey Techniques for Cell Site Analysis

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A comprehensive reference on the call procedures of 4G RAN and Core networks, LTE Signaling, Troubleshooting and Optimization describes the protocols and procedures of LTE. It explains essential topics from basic performance measurement counters, radio quality and user plane quality to the standards, architecture, objectives and functions of the different interfaces. The first section gives an overview of LTE/EPC network architecture, reference points, protocol stacks, information elements and elementary procedures. The proceeding parts target more advanced topics to cover LTE/EPC signalling and radio quality analysis. This book supplements the information provided in the 3GPP standards by giving readers access to a universal LTE/EPC protocol sequence to ensure they have a clear understanding of the issues involved. It describes the normal signaling procedures as well as explaining how to identify and troubleshoot abnormal network behavior and common failure causes. Enables the reader to understand the signaling procedures and parameters that need to be analyzed when monitoring UMTS networks Covers the essential facts on signaling procedures by providing first hand information taken from real LTE/EPC traces A useful reference on the topic, also providing sufficient details for test and measurement experts who need to analyze LTE/EPC signaling procedures and measurements at the most detailed level Contains a description of LTE air interface monitoring scenarios as well as other key topics up to an advanced level LTE Signaling, Troubleshooting and Optimization is the Long Term Evolution successor to the previous Wiley books UMTS Signaling and UMTS Performance Measurement

Cover image Title page Table of Contents Copyright Preface Acknowledgements Abbreviations and Acronyms Chapter 1. Background of LTE 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Evolution of Mobile Systems Before LTE 1.3 ITU Activities 1.4 Drivers for LTE 1.5 Standardization of LTE Chapter 2. High Data Rates in Mobile Communication 2.1 High Data Rates: Fundamental Constraints 2.2 Higher Data Rates Within A Limited Bandwidth: Higher-Order Modulation 2.3 Wider Bandwidth Including Multi-Carrier Transmission Chapter 3. OFDM Transmission 3.1 Basic Principles of OFDM 3.2 OFDM Demodulation 3.3 OFDM Implementation Using IFFT/FFT Processing 3.4 Cyclic-Prefix Insertion 3.5 Frequency-Domain Model of OFDM Transmission 3.6 Channel Estimation and Reference Symbols 3.7 Frequency Diversity with OFDM: Importance of Channel Coding 3.8 Selection of Basic OFDM Parameters 3.9 Variations in Instantaneous Transmission Power 3.10 OFDM as a User-Multiplexing and Multiple-Access Scheme 3.11 Multi-Cell Broadcast/Multicast Transmission and OFDM Chapter 4. Wider-Band “Single-Carrier” Transmission 4.1 Equalization Against Radio-Channel Frequency Selectivity 4.2 Uplink FDMA with Flexible Bandwidth Assignment 4.3 DFT-spread OFDM Chapter 5. Multi-Antenna Techniques 5.1 Multi-Antenna Configurations 5.2 Benefits of Multi-Antenna Techniques 5.3 Multiple Receive Antennas 5.4 Multiple Transmit Antennas 5.5 Spatial Multiplexing Chapter 6. Scheduling, Link Adaptation, and Hybrid ARQ 6.1 Link Adaptation: Power and Rate Control 6.2 Channel-Dependent Scheduling 6.3 Advanced Retransmission Schemes 6.4 Hybrid ARQ with Soft Combining Chapter 7. LTE Radio Access: An Overview 7.1 Basic Principles 7.2 LTE Release 9 7.3 LTE Release 10 and IMT-Advanced 7.4 Terminal Capabilities Chapter 8. Radio-Interface Architecture 8.1 Overall System Architecture 8.2 Radio Protocol Architecture 8.3 Control-Plane Protocols Chapter 9. Physical Transmission Resources 9.1 Overall Time–Frequency Structure 9.2 Normal Subframes and Mbsfn Subframes 9.3 Carrier Aggregation 9.4 Frequency-Domain Location Of LTE Carriers 9.5 Duplex Schemes Chapter 10. Downlink Physical-Layer Processing 10.1 Transport-Channel Processing 10.2 Downlink Reference Signals 10.3 Multi-Antenna Transmission 10.4 Downlink L1/L2 Control Signaling Chapter 11. Uplink Physical-Layer Processing 11.1 Transport-Channel Processing 11.2 Uplink Reference Signals 11.3 Uplink Multi-Antenna Transmission 11.4 Uplink L1/L2 Control Signaling 11.5 Uplink Timing Alignment Chapter 12. Retransmission Protocols 12.1 Hybrid ARQ with Soft Combining 12.2 Radio-Link Control Chapter 13. Power Control, Scheduling, and Interference Handling 13.1 Uplink Power Control 13.2 Scheduling and Rate Adaptation 13.3 Inter-Cell Interference Coordination 13.4 Heterogeneous Network Deployments Chapter 14. Access Procedures 14.1 Acquisition and Cell Search 14.2 System Information 14.3 Random Access 14.4 Paging Chapter 15. Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services 15.1 Architecture 15.2 Overall Channel Structure and Physical-Layer Processing 15.3 Scheduling of MBMS Services Chapter 16. Relaying 16.1 Relays in LTE 16.2 Overall Architecture 16.3 Backhaul Design for Inband Relaying Chapter 17. Spectrum and RF Characteristics 17.1 Spectrum for LTE 17.2 Flexible Spectrum USE 17.3 Flexible Channel Bandwidth Operation 17.4 Carrier Aggregation for LTE 17.5 Multi-Standard Radio Base Stations 17.6 Overview of RF Requirements for LTE 17.7 Output Power Level Requirements 17.8 Transmitted Signal Quality 17.9 Unwanted Emissions Requirements 17.10 Sensitivity and Dynamic Range 17.11 Receiver Susceptibility to Interfering Signals Chapter 18. Performance 18.1 Performance Assessment 18.2 Performance in Terms of Peak Data Rates and Latency 18.3 Performance Evaluation of LTE-Advanced 18.4 Conclusion Chapter 19. Other Wireless Communications Systems 19.1 HSPA 19.2 GSM/EDGE 19.3 CDMA2000 and HRPD/1x EV-DO 19.4 IEEE 802.16e, Mobile WiMAX and 802.16 m 19.5 Summary Chapter 20. Final Thoughts 20.1 Where to Go in the Future? 20.2 Concluding Remarks References Index

Computer Architecture A Quantitative Approach英文版