seulty的专栏

Outline 1.Why FOL? 2.Syntax and semantics of FOL 3.Using FOL 4.Wumpus world in FOL 5.Knowledge engineering in FOL

1. Introduction 1.1. Background Work Flow Management is a fast evolving technology which is increasingly being exploited by businesses in a variety of industries. Its primary characteristic is the automation of processes involving combinations of human and machine-based activities, particularly those involving interaction with IT applications and tools. Although its most prevalent use is within the office environment in staff intensive operations such as insurance, banking, legal and general administration, etc, it is also applicable to some classes of industrial and manufacturing applications . Many software vendors have WFM products available today which involve WFM technology and there is a continual introduction of more products into the market. The availability of a wide range of products within the market has allowed individual product vendors to focus on particular functional capabilities and users have adopted particular products to meet specific application needs. However, there are, as yet, no standards defined to enable different WFM products to work together, which is resulting in incompatible "islands" of process automation. The WFM Coalition is a grouping of companies who have joined together to address the above situation. It has been recognised that all work flow management products have some common characteristics, enabling them potentially to achieve a level of interoperability through the use of common standards for various functions. The WFM Coalition has been established to identify these functional areas and develop appropriate specifications for implementation in workflow products. It is intended that such specifications will enable interoperability between heterogeneous workflow products and improved integration of workflow applications with other IT services such as electronic mail and document management, thereby improving the opportunities for the effective use of workflow technology within the IT market, to the benefit of both vendors and users of such technology. 1.2. Purpose The purpose of this document is to provide a framework to support the development of the various specifications described above. It provides a common "Reference Model" for workflow management systems identifying their characteristics, terminology and components, enabling the individual specifications to be developed within the context of an overall model for workflow systems. The detailed specifications will be developed as separate documents. 1.3. Scope This document covers the concepts, terminology, general structure of a workflow management system, its major functional components and the interfaces and information interchange flows between them. It identifies the areas appropriate for standardisation and illustrates the potential interoperability scenarios which may be supported through the use of common standards. It also discusses, where appropriate, the applicability of existing standards to workflow management systems and their integration with other standard IT services. It does not cover wider aspects of business process engineering which lie outside the use of information technology to support the business process. 1.4. Audience The intended audience of this document is the work flow coalition membership as well as others that are interested in the efforts of the coalition and wish to understand the top level technical architecture which underpins the work of the Coalition. The document is intended for a moderately technical audience but extensive prior knowledge of workflow systems is not assumed. 1.5. How to read this document Chapter 2 provides a general introduction to the concepts of workflow systems technology, its evolution, the business context and background on the types of systems which may incorporate this type of technology. If you are unfamiliar with workflow technology you should start here; if you are already familiar with workflow management systems, consider starting at Chapter 3. Chapter 3 discuses the internal structure of workflow systems, the major functional components and the nature of their interactions. It introduces the top level architecture and identifies the various interfaces which may be used to support interoperability between different system components and integration with other major IT infrastructure components. Chapter 4 provides a general overview of the workflow application programme interface (WAPI), comments on the necessary protocol support for open interworking and discusses the principles of conformance to the specifications. It identifies those aspects of the specifications which are required to support various classes of interoperability. The detailed WAPI specifications are published as separate specification documents (see cross references below).

Title：Windchill Workflow System Overview Outline of Windchill workflow capabilities Workflow Systems Architecture Overview of basic functionality Life cycle integration R5 Features delivered R6 Features planned Demo

用了下，对长期面对电脑工作的人来说还是有必要使用的

有色Petri网教程【PPT】【CPN】 是英文版的， 内容还可以的

360顽固木马专杀大全 如果发现专杀大全打不开，请改名后再运行

示例：<br>阿姆达尔定律<br>阿姆斯特朗公理<br>阿帕网<br>埃尔布朗基<br>埃尔米特函数<br>安全标号<br>安全操作系统<br>安全策略<br>安全措施<br>安全等级<br>安全电子交易<br>安全功能评估<br>安全过滤器<br>安全检查<br>安全控制<br>安全类<br>安全路由器<br>安全模型<br>安全内核

Business Process Management and<br>WS-BPEL 2.0 <br><br>INTRODUCTION <br>Customer business processes span services and human activities; these processes <br>need to be orchestrated in an agile fashion with end-to-end control, visibility, and <br>rich exception management. <br>Business Process Execution Language, commonly known as BPEL or WS-BPEL, is <br>an XML based standard markup language that is emerging as the answer to process <br>orchestration requirements. BPEL has very rich and comprehensive orchestration <br>semantics, is based on wide industry participation, and is broadly accepted. <br>Oracle believes that BPEL provides an important building block for Service <br>Oriented Architectures (SOA). Oracle was an early adopter of the standard and <br>provides one of the most mature, comprehensive, and scalable implementation. <br>Since 2003, Oracle has been working with other industry players to evolve BPEL <br>and its related standards. <br>Oracle’s strategy lowers total cost of ownership and reduces risk for customers<br>through knowledge portability and increased interoperability.

说到数据库，我认为不能不先谈数据结构。1996 年，在我初入大学学习计算机编程时，<br>当时的老师就告诉我们说：计算机程序＝数据结构＋算法。尽管现在的程序开发已由面向过<br>程为主逐步过渡到面向对象为主，但我还是深深赞同8 年前老师的告诉我们的公式：计算机<br>程序＝数据结构＋算法。面向对象的程序开发，要做的第一件事就是，先分析整个程序中需<br>处理的数据，从中提取出抽象模板，以这个抽象模板设计类，再在其中逐步添加处理其数据<br>的函数(即算法)，最后，再给类中的数据成员和函数划分访问权限，从而实现封装。<br>数据库的最初雏形据说源自美国一个奶牛场的记账薄(纸质的，由此可见，数据库并不<br>一定是存储在电脑里的数据^_^)，里面记录的是该奶牛场的收支账目，程序员在将其整理、<br>录入到电脑中时从中受到启发。当按照规定好的数据结构所采集到的数据量大到一定程度<br>后，出于程序执行效率的考虑，程序员将其中的检索、更新维护等功能分离出来，做成单独<br>调用的模块，这个模块后来就慢慢发展、演变成现在我们所接触到的数据库管理系统<br>(DBMS)——程序开发中的一个重要分支。

一个成功的管理系统，是由：[50% 的业务 + 50% 的软件] 所组成，而 50% 的成功软件又有 [25% 的数据库 + 25% 的程序] 所组成，数据库设计的好坏是一个关键。如果把企业的数据比做生命所必需的血液，那么数据库的设计就是应用中最重要的一部分。有关数据库设计的材料汗牛充栋，大学学位课程里也有专门的讲述。不过，就如我们反复强调的那样，再好的老师也比不过经验的教诲。所以我归纳历年来所走的弯路及体会，并在网上找了些对数据库设计颇有造诣的专业人士给大家传授一些设计数据库的技巧和经验。精选了其中的 60 个最佳技巧，并把这些技巧编写成了本文，为了方便索引其内容划分为 5 个部分：<br>第 1 部分 - 设计数据库之前<br>这一部分罗列了 12 个基本技巧，包括命名规范和明确业务需求等。 <br>第 2 部分 - 设计数据库表<br>总共 24 个指南性技巧，涵盖表内字段设计以及应该避免的常见问题等。 <br>第 3 部分 - 选择键<br>怎么选择键呢？这里有 10 个技巧专门涉及系统生成的主键的正确用法，还有何 时以及如何索引字段以获得最佳性能等。 <br>第 4 部分 - 保证数据完整性<br>讨论如何保持数据库的清晰和健壮，如何把有害数据降低到最小程度。 <br>第 5 部分 - 各种小技巧<br>不包括在以上 4 个部分中的其他技巧，五花八门，有了它们希望你的数据库开发工作会更轻松一些。 <br>

很炫的抽屉菜单黑色，圆角，看了就知道

Teamcenter2005安装文档[PDF]<br>比较详细，好不好看了就知道。

C#完全手册（破除密码版）<br/>还是很经典的 新手必备

这是chm格式，下载后看不了尝试： 右键点击chm文档，查看属性，可以看到“安全”提示：此文件来自于其它计算机，可能被阻止以帮助保护该计算机，提示后面有一个“解除锁定”的按钮。选择解除，然后保存修改。 JavaScript权威指南，著名的犀牛书：） This Fifth Edition is completely revised and expanded to cover JavaScript as it is used in today's Web 2.0 applications. This book is both an example-driven programmer's guide and a keep-on-your-desk reference, with new chapters that explain everything you need to know to get the most out of JavaScript, including: Scripted HTTP and Ajax XML processing Client-side graphics using the <canvas> tag Namespaces in JavaScript--essential when writing complex programs Classes, closures, persistence, Flash, and JavaScript embedded in Java applications Part I explains the core JavaScript language in detail. If you are new to JavaScript, it will teach you the language. If you are already a JavaScript programmer, Part I will sharpen your skills and deepen your understanding of the language. Part II explains the scripting environment provided by web browsers, with a focus on DOM scripting with unobtrusive JavaScript. The broad and deep coverage of client-side JavaScript is illustrated with many sophisticated examples that demonstrate how to: Generate a table of contents for an HTML document Display DHTML animations Automate form validation Draw dynamic pie charts Make HTML elements draggable Define keyboard shortcuts for web applications Create Ajax-enabled tool tips Use XPath and XSLT on XML documents loaded with Ajax And much more Part III is a complete reference for core JavaScript. It documents every class, object, constructor, method, function, property, and constant defined by JavaScript 1.5 and ECMAScript version 3. Part IV is a reference for client-side JavaScript, covering legacy web browser APIs, the standard Level 2 DOM API, and emerging standards such as the XMLHttpRequest object and the <canvas> tag. More than 300,000 JavaScript programmers around the world have made this their indispensable reference book for building JavaScript applications. "A must-have reference for expert JavaScript programmers...well-organized and detailed." -- Brendan Eich, creator of JavaScript Java Script是一种功能强大的基于对象的脚本语言。Java Script程序可以直接嵌入HTML页面。与Web浏览器定义的文档对象模型(DOM)一起使用时，JavaScript可以创建动态HTML(DHTML)内容，允许用户与客户端的Web应用程序交互。 JavaScript语法以流行的程序设计语言C、C 和Java为基础，因此，经验丰富的程序设计人员可以很快地熟悉和掌握。此外，JavaScript是一种解释性脚本语言，提供了比其他语言更加灵活、更加宽松的程序设计环境，程序设计新手在这种环境中能够很快适应。 《JavaScript权威指南》全面介绍了JavaScript语言的核心，以及Web浏览器中实现的遗留和标准的DOM。它运用了一些复杂的例子，说明如何处理验证表单数据、使用cookie、创建可移植的DHTML动画等常见任务。本书还包括详细的参考手册，涵盖了JavaScript的核心API、遗留的客户端API和W3C标准DOM API，记述了这些API中的每一个JavaScript对象、方法、性质、构造函数、常量和事件处理程序。 这本最畅销的JavaScript参考书的第四版已经进行了全面的更新，其中涵盖JavaScript 1.5(ECMAScript Version 3)的详细介绍。它还提供了W3C DOM标准(1级和2级)的完整内容，为了向后兼容，本书保持了遗留的O级DOM的资料。 《JavaScript权威指南》是JavaScript程序设计者的完整指南和参考手册。对于使用最新的、遵守标准的Web浏览器(如Internet Explorer 6、Netscape 6和Mozilla)的开发者，它尤其有用。HTML作者可以从中学习如何用JavaScript创建动态网页。经验丰富的程序设计者可以从中快速地找到编写复杂JavaScript程序需要的信息。本书对所有JavaScript程序设计者来说都是绝对必要的。