Automating Junos Administration - Jonathan_. Looney.pdf
2. Preface
1. Assumptions
2. How to Read This Book
3. What’s in This Book?
4. Conventions Used in This Book
5. Using Code Examples
6. Safari® Books Online
7. How to Contact Us
8. Acknowledgments
1. From Jonathan Looney
2. From Stacy Smith
3. 1. Introduction
1. Benefits of Automation
1. Automation Saves Time
2. Automation Prevents Human Error
3. Automation Saves Memory
4. Automation Prevents Copy/Paste Errors
5. Automation Enables New Services
2. Management System Internals
1. Accessing the Management System
2. Operational Command Flow
3. Configuration Data Flow
3. Configuration Databases and the Commit Model
1. Configuration Databases
2. The Commit Process
4. Information About the Book
4. 2. RPC Mechanisms
1. Structured Data Model
1. Structured Data Formats
2. Using Structured Data in Python
2. Running RPCs on a Junos Device
1. RPC Authorization
3. Operational RPCs
1. RPC Output Formats
2. Discovering Operational RPC Syntax
3. Discovering RPC Reply Syntax
4. Configuration
software defined WAN
Chapter 1: Taking an Overview of
Software‐Defined WAN. 5
Defining Software‐Defined WAN................................................ 5
Meeting the SDN principle of network abstraction...... 6
Separating functionality into control
and data planes............................................................. 6
Understanding the Need for SD‐WAN....................................... 7
Dealing with applications hindered by expensive
bandwidth...................................................................... 7
Tackling branch deployments delayed
by IT complexity........................................................... 8
Considering cloud migration not supported by
static architectures...................................................... 9
Figuring Out What SD‐WAN Is Not.......................................... 10
Discovering the Features of SD‐WAN..................................... 10
Virtualizing the network................................................ 11
Enabling a secure overlay.............................................. 11
Simplifying services delivery........................................ 11
data center fundamental
Contents at a Glance
Introduction xxxvi
Part I An Introduction to Server Farms 3
Chapter 1
Overview of Data Centers 5
Chapter 2
Server Architecture Overview 31
Chapter 3
Application Architectures Overview 71
Chapter 4
Data Center Design Overview 117
Chapter 5
Data Center Security Overview 159
Chapter 6
Server Load-Balancing Overview 205
Part II Server Farm Protocols 239
Chapter 7
IP, TCP, and UDP 241
Chapter 8
HTTP and Related Concepts 309
Chapter 9
SSL and TLS 369
Chapter 10
Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing, Volume III
Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing: Practical Algorithm
Development is the third volume in a series of textbooks by the same name.
Previous volumes described the underlying theory of estimation and detection
algorithms. In contrast, the current volume addresses the practice of
converting this theory into software algorithms that may be implemented on a
digital computer. In describing the methodology and techniques, it will not be
assumed that the reader has studied the first two volumes, but of course,
he/she is certainly encouraged to do so. Instead, the descriptions will focus on
the general concepts using a minimum of mathematics but will be amply
illustrated using MATLAB implementations. It is envisioned that the current
book will appeal to engineers and scientists in industry and academia who
would like to solve statistical signal processing problems through design of
well-performing and implementable algorithms for real systems.
5G moile communications - concepts and technologies
5G moile communications - concepts and technologies (2018)
Chapter 14Burning Challenges
14.1Signaling Storm
14.1.13G Networks—Signaling Technicalities
14.1.2LTE Networks—Signal Technicalities in LT
14.1.3Concluding Remarks
14.2Hyperdense HetNets
14.2.1Concluding Remarks
14.3D2D Communications
14.3.1Concluding Remarks
14.4Big Data
14.4.1Concluding Remarks
Problems
References
Advances in Mobile Cloud Computing Systems
Contributors xiii
1 Mobile Cloud Computing with Telecom Operator Cloud 1
Zhiyuan Yin, F. Richard Yu, and Shengrong Bu
2 Toward Energy-Efficient Task Execution in Mobile Cloud
Computing 45
Yonggang Wen, Weiwen Zhang, and Kyle Guan
3 Design and Architecture of a Software Defined Proximity
Cloud 123
Hyunseok Chang, Adiseshu Hari, Sarit Mukherjee,
and T.V. Lakshman
38401-100.zip
3rd Generation Partnership Project;
Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network;
NG-RAN;
Architecture description
(Release 15)
SDN software defined netwrok
mobi 版本的 software defined networks
thomas D nadeau && ken Gray
5G 频谱 英文
Fifth Generation (5G) Technology Economics
1.2 Technical and Commercial Innovation by Wavelength
1.3 RF Performance at Shorter Wavelengths
1.4 Market and Regionally Specific Requirements
1.5 Military Millimeter Radio for Wide-Area 5G
1.6 Coexistence Costs
NR; NR and NG-RAN Overall Description
Contents
Foreword 7
1 Scope 8
2 References 8
3 Abbreviations and Definitions 9
3.1 Abbreviations 9
3.2 Definitions 9
4 Overall Architecture and Functional Split 10
4.1 Overall Architecture 10
4.2 Functional Split 11
4.3 Network Interfaces 13
4.3.1 NG Interface 13
4.3.1.1 NG User Plane 13
4.3.1.2 NG Control Plane 13
4.3.2 Xn Interface 14
4.3.2.1 Xn User Plane 14
4.3.2.2 Xn Control Plane 14
4.4 Radio Protocol Architecture 15
4.4.1 User Plane 15
4.4.2 Control Plane 15
4.5 Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity 16
5 Physical Layer 16
5.1 Waveform, numerology and frame structure 16
5.2 Downlink 17
5.2.1 Downlink transmission scheme 17
5.2.2 Physical-layer processing for physical downlink shared channel 17
5.2.3 Physical downlink control channels 18
5.2.4 Synchronization signal and PBCH 18
5.2.5 Physical layer procedures 19
5.2.5.1 Link adaptation 19
5.2.5.2 Power Control 19
5.2.5.3 Cell search 19
5.2.5.4 HARQ 19
5.3 Uplink 19
5.3.1 Uplink transmission scheme 19
5.3.2 Physical-layer processing for physical uplink shared channel 19
5.3.3 Physical uplink control channel 20
5.3.4 Random access 21
5.3.5 Physical layer procedures 21
5.3.5.1 Link adaptation 21
5.3.5.2 Uplink Power control 21
5.3.5.3 Uplink timing control 21
5.3.5.4 HARQ 21
5.4 Carrier aggregation 21
5.4.1 Carrier aggregation 21
5.4.2 Supplemental Uplink 22
5.5 Transport Channels 22
6 Layer 2 23
6.1 Overview 23
6.2 MAC Sublayer 24
6.2.1 Services and Functions 24
6.2.2 Logical Channels 25
6.2.3 Mapping to Transport Channels 25
6.2.4 HARQ 25
6.3 RLC Sublayer 25
6.3.1 Transmission Modes 25
6.3.2 Services and Functions 26
6.3.3 ARQ 26
6.4 PDCP Sublayer 26
6.4.1 Services and Functions 26
6.5 SDAP Sublayer 27
6.6 L2 Data Flow 27
6.7 Carrier Aggregation 27
6.8 Dual Connectivity 29
6.9 Supplementary Uplink 29
6.10 Bandwidth Adaptation 29
7 RRC 30
7.1 Services and Functions 30
7.2 Protocol States 31
7.3 System Information Handling 31
7.4 Access Control 32
7.5 UE Capability Retrieval framework 32
7.6 Transport of NAS Messages 33
7.7 Carrier Aggregation 33
7.8 Bandwidth Adaptation 33
8 NG Identities 33
8.1 UE Identities 33
8.2 Network Identities 33
9 Mobility and State Transitions 34
9.1 Overview 34
9.2 Intra-NR 34
9.2.1 Mobility in RRC_IDLE 34
9.2.1.1 Cell Selection 34
9.2.1.2 Cell Reselection 35
9.2.2 Mobility in RRC_INACTIVE 35
9.2.2.1 Overview 35
9.2.2.2 Cell Reselection 36
9.2.2.3 RAN-Based Notification Area 36
9.2.2.4 State Transitions 37
9.2.2.4.1 UE triggered transition from RRC_INACTIVE to RRC_CONNECTED 37
9.2.2.4.2 Network triggered transition from RRC_INACTIVE to RRC_CONNECTED 37
9.2.2.5 RNA update 38
9.2.3 Mobility in RRC_CONNECTED 38
9.2.3.1 Overview 38
9.2.3.2 Handover 39
9.2.3.2.1 C-Plane Handling 39
9.2.3.2.2 U-Plane Handling 41
9.2.4 Measurements 41
9.2.5 Paging 43
9.2.6 Random Access Procedure 43
9.2.7 Radio Link Failure 44
9.3 Inter RAT 44
9.3.1 Intra 5GC 44
9.3.1.1 Cell Reselection 44
9.3.1.2 Handover 45
9.3.1.3 Measurements 45
9.3.2 From 5GC to EPC 45
9.3.2.1 Cell Reselection 45
9.3.2.2 Handover 45
9.3.2.3 Measurements 45
9.3.2.4 Data Forwarding 45
9.4 Roaming and Access Restrictions 46
10 Scheduling 46
10.1 Basic Scheduler Operation 46
10.2 Downlink Scheduling 46
10.3 Uplink Scheduling 47
10.4 Measurements to Support Scheduler Operation 47
10.5 Rate Control 47
10.5.1 Downlink 47
10.5.2 Uplink 48
10.6 Activation/Deactivation Mechanism 48
11 UE Power Saving 48
12 QoS 49
13 Security 50
13.1 Overview and Principles 50
13.2 Security Termination Points 51
13.3 State Transitions and Mobility 51
14 UE Capabilities 51
15 Self-Configuration and Self-Optimisation 51
15.1 Definitions 51
15.2 UE Support for self-configuration and self-optimisation 51
15.3 Self-configuration 52
15.3.1 Dynamic configuration of the NG-C interface 52
15.3.1.1 Prerequisites 52
15.3.1.2 SCTP initialization 52
15.3.1.3 Application layer initialization 52
15.3.2 Dynamic Configuration of the Xn interface 52
15.3.2.1 Prerequisites 52
15.3.2.2 SCTP initialization 52
15.3.2.3 Application layer initialization 52
15.3.3 Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 52
15.3.3.1 General 52
15.3.3.2 Intra-system – intra NR Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 52
15.3.3.3 Intra-system – intra E-UTRA Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 53
15.3.3.4 Intra-system – inter RAT Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 53
15.3.3.5 Inter-system Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 53
15.3.4 Xn-C TNL address discovery 53
16 Verticals Support 53
16.1 URLLC 53
16.1.1 Overview 53
16.1.2 LCP Restrictions 53
16.1.3 Packet Duplication 53
16.2 IMS Voice 54
16.3 Network Slicing 54
16.3.1 General Principles and Requirements 54
16.3.2 CN Instance and NW Slice Selection 55
16.3.2.1 CN-RAN interaction and internal RAN aspects 55
16.3.2.2 Radio Interface Aspects 55
16.3.3 Resource Isolation and Management 55
16.3.4 Signalling Aspects 56
16.3.4.1 General 56
16.3.4.2 CN Instance and NW Slice Selection 56
16.3.4.3 UE Context Handling 56
16.3.4.4 PDU Session Handling 57
16.3.4.5 Mobility 58
16.4 Public Warning System 59
Annex A (informative): QoS Handling in RAN 60
A.1 PDU Session Establishment 60
A.2 New QoS Flow without Explicit Signalling 60
A.3 New QoS Flow with NAS Reflective QoS and Explicit RRC Signalling 61
A.4 New QoS Flow with Explicit Signalling 62
A.5 Release of QoS Flow with Explicit Signalling 63
A.6 UE Initiated UL QoS Flow 64
Annex B (informative): Deployment Scenarios 66
B.1 Supplementary Uplink 66
Annex C (informative): Change history 67
software-defined-mobile-network
Software Defined Mobile Networks (SDMN). Beyond LTE Network
Architecture. Wiley Series on Communications Networking & Distributed
Systems
Description: Software–Defined Networking (SDN) is one of the promising technologies that provide the required
improvements in flexibility, scalability, and performance to future mobile networks to keep up with the
expected growth. Thus, Software Defined Mobile Networks (SDMN) will play a crucial role in the beyond LTE
mobile networks. This book presents the concepts of SDMNs which would change the network architecture
of the current LTE (3GPP) networks. It provides an insight into the feasibility and opportunities of SDMN
concept, as well as evaluates the limits of performance and scalability of the new technologies applied on
mobile broadband networks.
This book has been created by the joint effort of many academic researchers and industrial engineers. It
provides a simultaneous account of the theoretical principles of beyond LTE mobile network architectures
and feasible implementations aspects.
The book is written in a step–by–step approach that includes both introductory
Software Defined Networks
CHAPTER 1 Introduction .................................................................................1
1.1 Basic Packet-Switching Terminology...........................................................................2
1.2 Historical Background..................................................................................................4
1.3 The Modern Data Center..............................................................................................5
1.4 Traditional Switch Architecture....................................................................................7
1.5 Autonomous and Dynamic Forwarding Tables..........................................................11
1.6 Can We Increase the Packet-Forwarding IQ?.............................................................17
1.7 Open Source and Technological Shifts.......................................................................18
1.8 Organization of this Book...........................................................................................19
References...................................................................................................................19
CHAPTER 2 Why SDN? ..................................................................................21
2.1 Evolution of Switches and Control Planes.................................................................21
2.2 Cost.............................................................................................................................26
2.3 SDN Implications for Research and Innovation.........................................................28
2.4 Data Center Innovation...............................................................................................29
2.5 Data Center Needs......................................................................................................32
2.6 Conclusion............................................................................................................
fundamentals of 5G mobile netwrok
1.1 Introduction
We have been witnessing an exponential growth in the amount of traffic carried through
mobile networks. According to the Cisco visual networking index [1], mobile data traffic has
doubled during 2010–2011; extrapolating this trend for the rest of the decade shows that
global mobile traffic will increase 1000x from 2010 to 2020.
The surge in mobile traffic is primarily driven by the proliferation of mobile devices and the
accelerated adoption of data‐hungry mobile devices – especially smart phones. Table 1.1
provides a list of these devices along with their relative data consumptions. In addition to the
increasing adoption rate of these high‐end mobile devices, the other important factor associated
with the tremendous mobile traffic growth is the increasing demand for advanced multi‐media
applications such as Ultra‐High Definition (UHD) and 3D video as well as augmented reality
and immersive experience. Today, mobile video accounts for more than 50% of global mobile
data traffic, which is anticipated to rise to two‐thirds by 2018 [1]. Finally, social networking
has become important for mobile users, introducing new consumption behaviour and a
considerable amount of mobile data traffic.
The growth rate of mobile data traffic is much higher than the voice counterpart. Global
mobile voice traffic was overtaken by mobile data traffic in 2009, and it is forecast that
Voice over IP (VoIP) traffic will represent only 0.4% of all mobile data traffic by 2015. In
2013, the number of mobile subscriptions reached 6.8 billion, corresponding to a global
Network Functions Virtualisation
Page 1 of 16
Network Functions Virtualisation
An Introduction, Benefits, Enablers, Challenges & Call for Action
OBJECTIVES
This is a non-proprietary white paper authored by network operators.
The key objective for this white paper is to outline the benefits, enablers and challenges for Network
Functions Virtualisation (as distinct from Cloud/SDN) and the rationale for encouraging an
international collaboration to accelerate development and deployment of interoperable solutions
based on high volume industry standard servers.